Herein,application of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles supported on the surface of silica and palladium (II) supported on the bentonit as efficient catalysts were studied in carbon-carbon, carbon-nitrogen and carbon-sulfur bond formation under conventional heating conditions in an oil bath.
First,the activity of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles supported on the surface of silica in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction were studied.The yields under optimized conditions of using Na2CO3 as base,DMF as solvent at 110°C temperature were good.
In the second part of this project,the activity of palladium (II) supported on the bentonit in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction was studied. The yields were very good under optimized conditions of using K2CO3 as base,ethanol as a green solvent at 60°C temperatureResults showed that palladium (II) supported on the bentonit has more efficiency in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction than copper (II) oxide nanoparticles supported on the surface of silica.
In the next section, the activity of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles supported on the surface of silica in the amination reaction was studied. In this reaction, various aryl iodides, aryl bromides and aryl chlorides were coupled with arylboronic acids at room temperature and in DMSO as a solvent and in the presence of KOH as the base. The complex was active and efficient catalyst for the amination reaction of aryl halides. Furthermore the copper (II) oxide nanoparticles supported on the surface of silica was applied in the synthesis of amine using aryl chlorides, which are more inexpensive and more available.
In addition, the activity of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles supported on the surface of silica was studied in the synthesis of symmetrical diaryl sulfides.The yields under optimized conditions of using KOH as base,DMSO as solvent at 130°C temperature were very good. The copper (II) oxide nanoparticles supported on the surface of silica was applied in the synthesis of diaryl sulfides emplaying aryl chlorides, which are more inexpensive and more available.
Finally, we investigated the application of palladium (II) supported on the bentonit in the synthesis of symmetrical diaryl sulfides.The yields under optimized conditions of using KOH as base,DMSO as solvent at 130°C temperature were good. Results showed that copper (II) oxide nanoparticles supported on the surface of silica has more efficiency in the synthesis of symmetrical diaryl sulfides than palladium (II) supported on the bentonit.