The vast application of carbon-carbon bond formation reactions in different areas including synthesis of complex compounds from simpler reactants are of great importance. According to this fact, in recent years,
these reaction have become versatile tools in organic chemistry. It should be mentioned that Sonogashira and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions are of the most efficient methods. The Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions acetylenes with aryl or alkenyl halides or triflates have been developed in organic chemistry and material science for the production of internal alkynes and enynes. Alkynes are as the building block of a wide range of pharmaceuticals, natural products, biological active molecules, conducting polymers, non-linear optical and liquid crystal materials. The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of nucleophilic organborans with electrophilic organic halides and triflates, known as the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction has emerged as a powerful and versatile tool for the synthetis of substituted biaryls. Biaryls are applied as the building block of a wide range of herbicides, pharmaceuticals, natural and bioactive products, microelectrode arrays, conducting polymers, and liquid crystal materials. Palladium salts or a complex of this metal are the most applied catalysts for these reactions. One of the important types of these complexes are Palladacycles. Palladacycles can be defined as heterocyclic compounds that one of their heteroatoms in their structures is palladium. Palladacycles' application as active intermediates was noticed in organic synthesis when they were discovered in 1960s. In continuation, their application in carbon-carbon bonds formation as homogeneous catalysts became important. In the recent years, these compounds have found variable applications in the synthesis of organic compounds and formation of new C-C bonds as catalyst.
Herein, application of monomeric and dimeric palladacycle complex of Homoveratrylamine as a pre-catalyst is studied in carbon-carbon bond formation under conventional heating conditions in an oil bath.