Herein, we synthesized an inexpensive and biodegradable Lewis acidic ionic liquid using Choline chloride and ZnCl2 and then we applied it in synthesis of α-amino nitriles. In this reaction, various aldehydes and ketones were reacted with aniline and trimethylsilylcyanide (TMSCN) to afford the corresponding α-amino nitriles in high yields. The advantage of this ionic liquid was its application for acid sensitive heterocycles, which yielded the corresponding α-amino nitriles without any polymerization.
In the next section, an efficient and effective palladium salt was synthesized using the salt of 1-benzyl-4-aza-1-azoniabicyclo [2.2.2] octane chloride (n-benzyl DABCO chloride) and palladium chloride. This palladium salt was applied in Suzuki reaction as the catalyst. In this reaction, various aryl iodides and aryl bromides were coupled with arylboronic acids at room temperature and in ethanol as a green solvent and in the presence of K2CO3 as the base. Afterwards, by changing the reaction condition and adding tetrabutylammonium bromide, the palladium salt was applied in the synthesis of biphenyls from aryl chlorides, which are cheaper and more available.The applied palladium salt was oxygen resistant, so all reactions were performed under air atmosphere.